The Driver Replaces the Rope and Tries Again Having Learned His Lesson
Newton's Laws of Move Review
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Answers to Questions: All || #1-seven || #8-36 || #37-46 || #47-sixty
Part C: Forced Pick and Short Reply
8a. Big Bubba has a mass of 100 kg on the earth. What is Big Bubba's mass on the moon where the strength of gravity is approximately 1/6-th that of Globe's? ________ Explain or show your work.
Answer: 100 kg
Mass is a quantity which is independent of the location of the object. And so if Big Bubba has a mass of 100 kg on Earth, then he also has a mass of 100 kg on the moon. Simply the weight would alter every bit Large Bubba is moved from the Earth to the moon. He weighs ~1000 N on Earth and 1/6-thursday this value (~167 North) on the moon.
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8b. Little Billie weighs 360 N on Earth. What is Little Billie's mass on the moon where the force of gravity is approximately 1/half-dozen-th that of World's? ________ Explain or show your work.
Answer: ~36 kg
The mass of an object is related to weight by the equation W = m•1000 where grand = ~10 m/s/s on World and one-sixth this value (~ane.67) on the moon. So if Billy weighs 360 N on Earth, so his mass is approximately ~36 kg. His mass on the moon volition be the aforementioned equally his mass on Globe. Merely his weight changes when on the moon; rather than being 360 N, it is 60 Due north. His weight on the moon could exist establish by multiplying his mass by the value of 1000 on the moon: (36 kg) • (nine.viii/6 grand/due south/s) = ~60 N
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9. TRUE or Faux:
An object which is moving rightward has a rightward force interim upon it.
Answer: Simulated
An object which is accelerating rightward must take a rightward strength and a rightward net strength acting upon it. But an object which is just moving rightward does not necessarily have a rightward force upon information technology. A car that is moving rightward and skidding to a cease would not have a rightward force acting upon it.
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10. The amount of net forcefulness required to keep a 5-kg object moving rightward with a constant velocity of 2 thousand/due south is ____.
| a. 0 N | b. 0.4 N | c. two N | d. 2.5 N | due east. five Due north |
Answer: A
Net force is e'er m•a. In this example, the velocity is constant so the acceleration is naught and the net force is cipher. Constant velocity motion can always be associated with a zero net force.
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11. TRUE or FALSE:
For an object resting upon a non-accelerating surface, the normal force is equal to the weight of the object.
Answer: False
Quite surprisingly to many, the normal strength is not necessarily always equal to the weight of an object. Suppose that a person weighs 800 North and sits at residue upon a table. Then suppose another person comes along and pushes downwards upon the persons shoulders, applying a downwardly forcefulness of 200 North. With the additional downward forcefulness of 200 North interim upon the person, the full upward strength must be 1000 Due north. The normal forcefulness supplies the upward force to support both the force of gravity and the applied force interim upon the person. Its value is equal to 1000 N which is not the same as the strength of gravity of the person.
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12. Which one(southward) of the following forcefulness diagrams depict an object moving to the correct with a constant speed? List all that apply.
Answer: Air conditioning
If an object is moving at a abiding speed in a constant rightward direction, and so the dispatch is zero and the net strength must be null. Selection B and D show a rightward net force and therefore a rightward dispatch, inconsistent with the described motion.
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13. According to Newton'south tertiary law, every force is accompanied by an equal and opposite reaction force. The reason that these forces practice not cancel each other is ____.
a. the activity force acts for a longer time menstruumb. the two forces are not ever in the same direction
c. one of the two forces is greater than the other
d. the 2 forces act upon different objects; only forces on the aforementioned object tin can balance each other.
e. ... nonsense! They do cancel each other. Objects accelerate because of the presence of a 3rd forcefulness.
Answer: D
Activity and reaction forces always deed upon the interacting objects for the same amount of time with the same magnitude. So if object A pushes on object B, then object B simultaneously pushes on object A with the same amount of force. The force on object B will be one of perhaps many forces which volition govern its movement. Merely the reaction strength is on object A and cannot contribute to object B'southward motion since it is not acting upon object B. Action-reaction forces can NEVER cancel each other.
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fourteen. Equally you sit down in your chair and study your physics (presuming that you do), the strength of gravity acts down upon your body. The reaction force to the force of the Earth pulling you downward is ___.
a. the force of the chair pushing you upward
b. the force of the floor pushing your chair upward
c. the force of the Earth pushing you lot upward
d. the strength of air molecules pushing you upwards
e. the force of your body pulling the Earth upwards
f. ... nonsense! Gravity is a field force and there is no such reaction force.
Answer: Eastward
The near mutual incorrect answer is a - the force of the chair pushing yous upwardly. Every bit you sit in your chair, the chair is indeed pushing you upwardly simply this is non the reaction strength to the force of the Earth pulling you downward. The chair pushing you upward is the reaction force to you sitting on it and pushing the chair downward. To determine the action-reaction strength pairs if given a statement of the class object A pulls Ten-ward on object B, simply take the subject field and the object in the sentence and switch their places and and then change the direction to the contrary direction (so the reaction forcefulness is object B pulls object A in the opposite direction of X). Then if the World pulls you downward, and so the reaction strength is you pull the Earth upward.
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fifteen. A golf pro places a ball at remainder on the tee, lines up his shot, draws back his gild, and lets one rip. During the contact of the golf club with the golf brawl, the forcefulness of the club on the ball is ____ the force of the ball on the club and the dispatch of the club is ____ than the acceleration of the ball.
| a. greater than, greater than | b. greater than, equal to | c. greater than, less than |
| d. less than, less than | east. less than, equal to | f. less than, greater than |
| chiliad. equal to, equal to | h. equal to, greater than | i. equal to, less than |
Answer: I
For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction force. In this case, the force on the gild is equal to the force on the ball. The subsequent accelerations of the interacting objects will exist inversely dependent upon mass. The more massive club volition have less acceleration than the less massive brawl.
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Each one of Newton's Laws tin play a part in any one detail situation. However, one of the laws is often most obviously ascendant in governing the motion of a situation. Pick which of Newton's most governs the situations described beneath.
| a. Starting time Law (inertia) | b. 2nd Law (F = one thousand•a) | c. Tertiary Constabulary (action-reaction) |
16. A helicopter must have ii sets of blades in order to fly with stability.
17. If you were in an lift and the cable broke, jumping up merely before the elevator hit the footing would not relieve yous. Sorry.
eighteen. You ordinarily jerk a paper towel from a whorl in club to tear it instead of pulling it smoothly.
19. A student desk changes the amount of strength information technology puts on other objects throughout a school day.
twenty. Heavy objects are not easier to move around in a horizontal fashion on the Moon than on the Globe.
21. The stronger, heavier squad in a tug-of-state of war does not create a larger tension in the rope than the weaker, lighter squad.
Answers: Run across answers and explanations beneath.
16. C - As the helicopter blades spin and push button air in one direction, the air pushes the blades in the opposite management; the result is that the helicopter can brainstorm to rotate virtually the centrality of the bract. To annul this rotation, a second ready of blades is required.
17. A - An object moving downwards will continue to move downwards unless acted upon by an unbalanced force. If you lot make an effort to supply such a strength in an endeavour to of a sudden alter the management of your motion, then you are creating a greater velocity modify than if you merely striking the ground and stopped. If this greater velocity change occurred all of a sudden (in the same amount of time equally the stopping of you and the elevator), then y'all would experience a greater acceleration, a greater internet force, and a greater ouch mark than if y'all had merely hit the basis and stopped.
18. A - The paper towel is at residuum and resists changes in its at rest state. And then if you apply a sudden force to i of the paper towel sheets, the swell mass of the balance of the roll will resist a modify in its at balance land and the roll will easily interruption at the perforation.
19. C - Equally a pupil sits in the seat, they are applying a downward strength upon the seat. The reaction force is that the seat applies an upward strength upon the person. A weightier person will use more than downward force than a lighter person. Thus, the seat will constantly be changing the amount of reaction force throughout the day as students of different weight sit in information technology.
20. A - All objects take inertia or a tendency to resist changes in their state of motion. This inertia is dependent solely upon mass and is after not contradistinct by changes in the gravitational surroundings. To move an object horizontally, one must apply a strength; this force will be resisted past the mass or inertia of the object. On the moon, the object offers the same corporeality of inertia as on World; it is just as difficult (or easy) to move around.
21. C - A rope encounters tension when pulled on at both ends. The tension in the rope is everywhere the same. If team A were to pull at the left end, then the left end would pull back with the same amount of force upon team A. This strength is the same everywhere in the rope, including at the end where team B is pulling. Thus team B is pulling back on the rope with the same force equally team A. So if the forces are the same at each finish, then how tin a team ever win a tug-of-war. The manner a stronger squad wins a tug-of-state of war is with their legs. They push upon the ground with a greater strength than the other team. This force upon the footing results in a force back upon the squad in order for them to pull the rope and the other squad backwards beyond the line.
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For the adjacent several questions, consider the velocity-time plot beneath for the motility of an object along a horizontal surface. The motion is divided into several fourth dimension intervals, each labeled with a letter of the alphabet.
22. During which fourth dimension interval(s), if any, are in that location no forces interim upon the object? List all that apply.
23. During which time interval(s), if whatever, are the forces acting upon the object balanced? Listing all that employ.
24. During which time interval(due south), if whatsoever, is there a internet strength acting upon the object? List all that apply.
25. During which time interval(southward), if whatsoever, is the net force acting upon the object directed toward the right? Listing all that apply.
26. During which time interval(southward), if whatsoever, is the net force interim upon the object directed toward the left? List all that use.
Answers: See answers and explanations beneath.
22. None - If an object is on a surface, 1 can be guaranteed of at least two forces - gravity and normal forcefulness.
23. BDFH - If the forces are balanced, and so an object is moving with a constant velocity. This is represented past a horizontal line on a velocity-fourth dimension plot.
24. ACEG - If an object has a net forcefulness upon it, and so information technology is accelerating. Acceleration is represented past a sloped line on a velocity-fourth dimension plot.
25. AE - If the net force is directed to the correct, and then the dispatch is to the right (in the + management). This is represented by a line with a + slope (i.e., upward slope).
26. CG - If the net force is directed to the left, then the acceleration is to the left (in the - direction). This is represented by a line with a - slope (i.east., downward slope).
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For the next several questions, consider the dot diagram below for the motion of an object along a horizontal surface. The motion is divided into several time intervals, each labeled with a letter.
27. During which time interval(southward), if whatever, are at that place no forces acting upon the object? List all that apply.
28. During which time interval(s), if whatever, are the forces acting upon the object balanced? Listing all that apply.
29. During which time interval(s), if any, is there a net forcefulness interim upon the object? Listing all that apply.
30. During which time interval(s), if whatsoever, is the net force interim upon the object directed toward the correct? List all that apply.
31. During which time interval(due south), if any, is the cyberspace strength acting upon the object directed toward the left? List all that use.
Answers: See answers and explanations beneath.
27. None - If an object is on a surface, i can be guaranteed of at least two forces - gravity and normal force.
28. ACEGI - If the forces are balanced, and so an object is moving with a constant velocity or at rest. This is represented by a section of a dot diagram where the dots are equally spaced apart (moving with a constant velocity) or not even spaced apart at all (at rest).
29. BDFH - If an object has a net force upon it, and then it is accelerating. Acceleration is represented by a section of a dot diagram in which the spacing betwixt consecutive dots is either increasing or decreasing.
thirty. BF - If the net force is directed to the right, then the acceleration is to the right (in the + direction). This is represented past a dot diagram in which the dots are increasing their separation distance as the object moves from left to right.
31. DH - If the cyberspace force is directed to the left, then the acceleration is to the left (in the - direction). This is represented past a dot diagram in which the dots are decreasing their separation distance as the object moves from left to right.
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For the side by side several questions, consider the trajectory diagram shown below for a projectile thrown at an angle to the horizontal. The vector arrows represent the horizontal and vertical components of the projectile'due south velocity. Several points in the trajectory are labeled with a letter of the alphabet. Use the trajectory diagram to answer the next several questions. (Consider air resistance to be negligible.)
32. At which betoken(south), if any, are at that place no forces acting upon the object? List all that use.
33. At which point(s), if whatever, are the forces acting upon the object counterbalanced? List all that apply.
34. At which point(s), if any, is there a net forcefulness acting upon the object? List all that apply.
35. At which point(due south), if any, is the cyberspace force interim upon the object directed toward the right? List all that apply.
36. At which bespeak(due south), if any, is the net force acting upon the object directed upward? List all that apply.
Answers: See answers and explanations below
32. None
33. None
34. ABCDEFG
35. None
36. None
This object is a projectile as tin can exist seen by its constant horizontal velocity and a changing vertical velocity (besides that, the problem states that this is a projectile). A projectile is an object upon which the merely force is gravity. Gravity acts downward to advance an object downwardly. This force is an unbalanced strength or internet force. Information technology causes a vertical rising object to tedious down and a falling object to speed upwardly.
The presence of a horizontal velocity does non demand a horizontal force, only a residue of horizontal forces. Having no forces horizontally would cause the projectile to motion at a constant horizontal speed once it is launched. Similarly an up force is not needed on this projectile. When launched, an up velocity is imparted to it; this velocity is steadily decreased as the object is acted upon by the downwards force of gravity. An upward force would only be required for an object which is speeding up as information technology rises upward.
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Newton's Laws - Domicile || Printable Version || Questions with Links
Answers to Questions: All || #one-seven || #eight-36 || #37-46 || #47-sixty
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